The US Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is investigating if Google and Motorola Mobility are honoring fair, reasonable, and non-discriminatory (FRAND) commitments made to license standards-essential patents. A civil investigative demand, similar to a subpoena, has been issued to Google as it looks at overall practices in litigation and licensing. The US investigation follows the opening of European Commission investigations into Motorola Mobility and Samsung Electronics for FRAND violations as well.