The Mac platform saw a modest increase in malware outbreaks in 2011 over years past, but still "a small fraction" when compared to Windows, said security firm F-Secure. It added that while malware attacks were increasing, the rate of increase was not commensurate with the growth of the platform, suggesting that most exploits tend to come from programs rather than flaws in the OS itself. In all, the company identified 58 separate threats in 2011, most stemming from a handful of vulnerabilities.