Source : CDR Info Water is a much better coolant than air. For this reason water cooling systems are used by those which want to push their processors to their limits.
In the past (a thing that is regretted today), Apple used such a system to cool certain Powermac G5. More recently, IBM launched servers with water cooling, and considers it as a solution for the future. Indeed, as the density of the components increases with the miniaturization of the transistors, the surface of exchange between the CPU and its cooling system decreases and this complicates things. Further in the future, one should manage to pile up the layers of silicon to further increase the number transistors for the same surface area.
Thus the engineers of IBM decided to create mico-channels of 50 microns thick between components. They will then circulate the water in the interior of the silicon so that the generated heat can be removed.
Of course, t
